Anti-Human TNFa (MAb11)-146Nd—100 Tests

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, also known as cachexin, is a cytokine with a primary role of regulation of immune cells. It plays a role in the acute inflammatory response to infections and has cytolytic activity against tumor cells. It is produced primarily by activated macrophages but also other cells such as activated monocytes and T cells.

Anti-Human ALDH (44/ALDH)-147Sm—100 Tests

Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is a tetrameric enzyme that oxidizes aldehydes to carboxylic acids and enables cells to resist oxidative stress. ALDH is expressed in the majority of mammalian tissues. There are multiple isoforms of ALDH; class I (cytosolic), class II (mitochondrial) and class III (microsomal). ALDH has been implicated as a cancer stem cell marker. Cells with high ALDH levels have demonstrated enhanced tumorigenicity in multiple cancer cell types. In clinical studies, high ALDH activity predicted poor survival in breast and ovarian cancer.

Anti-Mouse CD19 (6D5)-166Er—100 Tests

CD19, also known as B4, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. CD19 is expressed on B cells, B cell progenitors, and follicular dendritic cells. It primarily acts as a B cell co-receptor in conjunction with CD21 and CD81. Upon activation, the cytoplasmic tail of CD19 becomes phosphorylated, which leads to binding by Src-family kinases and recruitment of PI 3-kinase.

Anti-Mouse CD5 (53-7.3)-146Nd—100 Tests

CD5, also known as Lyt-1, Ly-1, Tp67, T1, or Ly12, is a surface protein and member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) protein superfamily. It is primarily expressed on thymocytes, peripheral T cells, and B-1 cells. Mature T cells express higher levels of CD5 than B cells. However, γ/δ T cells do not express CD5.